SABA/ICS prn combo for asthma: AIRSUPRA (albuterol/budesonide)
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
As of January 2023, AIRSUPRA (albuterol/budesonide), has been approved in the US for the as-needed treatment or prevention of bronchoconstriction and to reduce the risk of exacerbations in people with asthma aged 18 years and older. AIRSUPRA (180mcg albuterol/160mcg budesonide) significantly reduced the risk of severe exacerbations compared to albuterol in patients with moderate to severe asthma when used as an as-needed rescue medication in response to symptoms. Albuterol rescue inhalers available prior to 2023 can alleviate acute symptoms, but do not treat the underlying inflammation in as ..read more
Visit website
Allergic diseases and sleep problems in children
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
Allergic rhinitis was associated with a broad range of sleep problems and to a lesser extent in children with asthma and least in children with eczema. Allergic rhinitis was associated with: - sleep routine problems - morning tiredness - night arousals - sleep disordered breathing - restless sleep Asthma was associated with: - sleep routine problems - sleep disordered breathing - restless sleep Eczema was associated with restless sleep. The association between allergic disease and psychological distress was mediated through sleep problems. References: https://www.annallergy.org/article ..read more
Visit website
Add-on etanercept as a treatment for Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN)
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is a severe cutaneous adverse reaction to drugs. The disease carries considerable morbidity and mortality. Immunomodulators for SJS/TEN such as systemic corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) have been widely used in clinical practice. Emerging evidence suggested that tumor necrosis factor-α antagonists on SJS/TEN may help. This restrospective review found that add-in of etanercept at the time of initiating conventional therapy could be a superior option to: - accelerate disease recovery - reduce the high dose and ..read more
Visit website
Against the hygiene hypothesis as the cause of allergic diseases
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
The article argues against the hygiene hypothesis for causation of allergic diseases: https://www.annallergy.org/article/S1081-1206(22)00585-3/fulltext The authors make the case that the basic changes in hygiene, clean water, complete separation of fecal matter from food production, and helminth eradication were complete before most of the major rises in allergic disease. Thus, all the allergic diseases increase occurred “post-hygiene.” The look for another cause: There is one major change that has decreased the severity of 2 allergic diseases, that is air conditioning and the closing of hou ..read more
Visit website
Blood endotypic signatures in atopic dermatitis
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease. AD can be very challenging to manage. AD is characterized by: - dense cutaneous dendritic cell and T-cell infiltrates - increased inflammatory mediators in affected tissues - barrier defects secondary to the downregulation of differentiation proteins and lipids AD is associated with a polarized type 2 immune axis. However, AD is not a homogenous disease. AD may be categorized into multiple clinical phenotypes depending on the underlying molecular signature (endotype). Read more in JACI here: https://www.jacionlin ..read more
Visit website
Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases: updated nomenclature
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
Eosinophilic gastrointestinal (GI) diseases (EGIDs) are characterized by tissue eosinophilia and symptoms of esophageal or GI dysfunction. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) diagnostic criteria are well established. The prevalence of non-EoE EGIDs is much lower, and there are no consensus guidelines for diagnosis as of year 2022. Particularly problematic has been variable use of the term eosinophilic gastroenteritis to describe EGIDs involving the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, or groupings of these anatomic sites. EGID is recommended as the umbrella term for pathologic infiltration ..read more
Visit website
T2 inflammation biomarkers and cytokines
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
T2 inflammation is characterized by elevations in: - absolute peripheral or sputum eosinophil counts - levels of IgE (total and allergen-specific) - fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) The 3 above serve as biomarkers of T2 inflammation. T2 inflammation is mediated by key cytokines: - IL-4 - IL-5 - IL-13 - thymic stromal lymphopoietin - IL-25 - IL-33 IL-4 and IL-13 utilize Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways. There are biologic therapies targeting these T2 cytokines, reviewed in the article below: https://www.jacionline.org/arti ..read more
Visit website
Aquagenic urticaria
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
Aquagenic urticaria (AquaU) is a rare variant of chronic inducible urticaria. In AquaU wheals occur after skin contact with water. AquaU can be classified as: - familial AquaU (FAquaU, 18%) - acquired AquaU (AAquaU, 82%) The use of second-generation H1 antihistamines (2ndAH1) was reported most often to achieve marked improvement in AquaU The use of topical therapies in AquaU has controversial efficiency. More in JACI-IP: https://www.jaci-inpractice.org/article/S2213-2198(22)00477-9/fulltext Posted at Allergy Notes. Stay updated and subscribe, follow us on Twitter and connect on Facebook ..read more
Visit website
Personalized Management Strategies in Mast Cell Disorders
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
Mastocytosis is a myeloid neoplasm. It is defined by expansion and focal accumulation of clonal mast cells (MCs) in one or more organs. Mastocytosis has a complex pathology and may be complicated by: - MC activation - bone abnormalities - neurological problems - gastrointestinal symptoms - hematologic progression Mediator-related symptoms can occur in any type of mastocytosis. The World Health Organization divides mastocytosis into several forms: - cutaneous - systemic mastocytosis (SM) - MC sarcoma In most patients with SM, somatic mutations in KIT are detected. Patients with indolent ..read more
Visit website
Nontryptase Urinary and Hematologic Biomarkers of Mast Cell Activation
Allergy Notes
by Unknown
1y ago
Nontryptase Urinary and Hematologic Biomarkers of Mast Cell Activation include: - urinary metabolites of histamine - urine and serum or plasma prostaglandin D2 - urine or plasma leukotriene E4 Drawbacks of trytase Serum tryptase levels have been the workhorse in diagnosing Mast Cell Activation Disorers. However, tryptase has several drawbacks including the need to obtain acute and baseline samples, which require 2 visits to health care facilities and 2 venipunctures. In addition, increased baseline tryptase level has been reported in hereditary alpha tryptasemia (HaT). More in the JACI-I ..read more
Visit website

Follow Allergy Notes on FeedSpot

Continue with Google
Continue with Apple
OR